As a tech CFO, pricing is one of the most difficult undertakings I’ve personally wrestled with.

The journey to price optimization is complex, but you don't have to navigate it alone.

BlueRocket's pricing experts have all operated companies before. And they’ve used that hands-on experience to help companies like Salesforce, Gitlab, Brex, Zendesk, and Google optimize their pricing.

Readers of this newsletter get a pricing conversation with BlueRocket’s CEO Jason Kap.

Remember in sixth grade when you’d write an essay and start with “Webster’s dictionary defines the word Adversity as…” launches into subpar essay on Catcher in the Rye…

Those were always the worst intros. Anytime someone makes an entrance by dusting off the old dictionary, you know you’re in for a snooze fest.

I’m going to tread near that insufferable line here, in an attempt to better understand the nuances in SaaS models, where customers pay an annuity of some sort, in exchange for access to your product.

In the advent of usage based models, there’s been some Tom Foolery going on when it comes to reliably claiming what truly is “Annual Recurring Revenue”. It’s the Wild West - especially on Twitter - where we’ve got everyone and their mother claiming that their dog sitting business or google Chrome plugin store is recurring in nature.

Both happen more than once. But the former is more predictable, and dependable, compared to the later. Let’s translate it to revenue and make it more real:

Speaking of that - Marshaun Lynch loves Recurring revenue, because it happens over, and over, and over, and over, and over, and over, and over again with the same sustained force.

The Issue

A lot of early stage CFOs try to prove repeatability in their business by jamming ReOccuring into their ReCurring number and hope you don’t see the difference between the two.

There is a difference between:

“This customer buys the same amount each month from us, and we are pretty sure they will continue to”

Not as ideal…

Versus…

“This customer has a contract where they have to buy from us each month for the next two years, and on top of that, they use the product above and beyond this contract in this very predictable way.”

ReCurring is the stable foundation. ReOccuring is the added upside.

In other words, ReOcurring sits on top of ReCurring in a hybrid subscription + usage model.

Why Investors Care

At the risk of being too basic, a typical SaaS business charges you the same amount each month - regardless of the number of days in a month or your product usage. This de-risks performance, and therefore valuation, to a degree.

That’s what scares people away - when you try to jam something into the ReCurring bucket that isn’t ReCurring, it may go away with seasonality or big deal risk.

Ultimately you can define it however you can convince people these things.

CFO of Gladly, Todd Rakow, told me:

“You can be a good persuader but an incorrect CFO. The more that you are hoping you are right, the more risk you are opening yourself up to as a company.”

Therefore, if you don’t have the ReCurring piece, i.e., something that’s contracted, there’s an inherent level of risk underlying your thesis on what your ARR is.

Every business is different, but the more reliable you are in terms of what is a fact and known and contracted, the better you are. And it can get even better if you can predict incremental behaviors on top of that.

That’s very different than “this customer might go away tomorrow, and we hope they won’t.”

More Examples

ReCurring

  • Per Seat Software

    • You pay $15 bucks a month for your Zoom license, regardless of how many meetings you hold

  • Gym Membership

    • Equinox charges you an astronomical $300 per month for incredibly scented towels (I’ll bite)

ReOccuring:

  • Marketplaces

    • Using Uber on a regular basis to get to work

  • Hosting

    • Check out any AWS bill for a small business

Recurring + ReOccuring:

  • Snowflake

    • Contractually obligated to spend $10K per month, regardless of usage, plus any overages once you eat up your credits

  • Customer Support software

    • Sell seats to agents (ReCurring) + Telephony (ReOccuring)

Run the Numbers

Listen on Apple / Spotify / YouTube

Much of today’s post relies on a discussion I had with Todd Rakow, CFO at Gladly, a leading Customer Support software, and an expert at usage based models.

On this episode we cover:

  • How to accurately calculate ARR in a usage based model

  • How Net Dollar Retention Rate can help you better forecast your customer usage patterns over time, and serve as an input to ARR 

  • How to commission sales reps when customer activity can vary, and where true ups come into play

  • Deadly false signals people can take from usage based models

  • And balancing being a serious CFO vs having fun and enjoying what you do

What I’ve Been Reading

If you enjoy investing in public companies, want to keep up with their performance but don’t have the time, Stock Market Nerd is definitely worth the read. My buddy Brad keeps me in the loop on relevant news from popular companies like CrowdStrike, Apple, SoFi and Microsoft - with some macro and market commentary sprinkled in.

Stock Market Nerd helps me avoid digging through SEC filings and interviews on my own. There’s no cheerleading, there’s no pumping and there’s no missing any relevant details.

Quote I’ve Been Pondering

“No more half-measures.”

-Mike Ehrmantraut, Breaking Bad

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